GRAPE SEED/SKIN PINE BARK EXTRACTS - Comes from the seeds of grapes, whose proper name is Vitis vinifera. The extract from the grapes is 92-95% (Pine Bark is only 80-85%) proanthocyanidins. This bioflavonoid increases absorption of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and decreases capillary permeability and fragility (i.e. strengthens vessels). It protects the body against free radical assaults. Free radicals are highly reactive forms of oxygen produced when O2 loses an electron as it is processed into energy. Energy conversion is not infallibal in the body and when a mistake is made free radicals are created. When metabolic rates are increased (ex: exercise) more free radicals are produced which can damage tissue. These highly reactive oxygen molecules steal electrons from cell walls, stimulating a chain reaction creating more free radicals (lipid peroxides). Proanthocyanidins are able to neutralize/trap free radicals/lipid peroxides and noncompetitively inhibit xanthine oxidase (the primary generator of oxygen free radicals). It also inhibits destruction of collagen, prevents release of compounds that cause inflammation and allergies, reduces risk of heart disease, cancer, accelerated aging and arthritis, prevents development of atherosclerosis and possibly lower cholesterol, reduces varicose veins (hemorrhoids), edema/swelling of legs, improves skin smoothness, protects against sun damage , is effective against psoriasis and hay fever, is an anti-inflammatory agent, improves joint flexibility, reduces frequency and severity of colds and acts against stomach ulcers.
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